Abnormal Psychology

Abnormal Psychology

Davison, Gerald C.; Kring, Ann M.; Neale, John M.

John Wiley and Sons Ltd

03/2003

772

Dura

Inglês

9780471449102

0471449105

15 a 20 dias

2013

The most current, authoritative overview of the theories and research in psychopathology and intervention! This widely praised scientific clinical approach blends the clinical and empirical/experimental as the authors examine each disorder from multiple perspectives.
1. Introduction: Historical and Scientific Considerations; What Is Abnormal Behavior?; Statistical Infrequency; Violation of Norms; Personal Distress; Disability or Behavioral Dysfunction; Unexpectedness; History of Psychopathology; Early Demonology; Somatogenesis; The Dark Ages and Demonology; Development of Asylums; The Beginning of Contemporary Thought; Science: A Human Enterprise; Subjectivity in Science: The Role of Paradigms; An Example of Paradigms in Abnormal Psychology; Summary; 2. Current Paradigms in Psychopathology and Therapy; The Biological Paradigm; Contemporary Approaches to the Biological Paradigm; Biological Approaches to Treatment; Evaluating the Biological Paradigm; The Psychoanalytic Paradigm; Classical Psychoanalytic Theory; Neo-Freudian Psychodynamic Perspectives; Psychoanalytic Therapy; Evaluating the Psychoanalytic Paradigm; Carl Rogers' Client-Centered Therapy; Existential Therapy; Gestalt Therapy; Evaluating the Humanistic and Existential Paradigms; Learning Paradigms; The Rise of Behaviorism; Mediational Learning Paradigms; Behavior Therapy; Evaluating Learning Paradigms; The Cognitive Paradigm; The Basics of Cognitive Theory; Cognitive Behavior Therapy; Evaluating the Cognitive Paradigm; Consequences of Adopting a Paradigm; Diathesis-Stress: An Integrative Paradigm; Different Perspectives on a Clinical Problem; Eclecticism in Psychotherapy: Practice Makes Imperfect; Summary; 3. Classification and Diagnosis; Brief History of Classification; Early Efforts at Classification; Development of the WHO and DSM Systems; The Diagnostic System of the American Psychiatric Association (DSM-IV-TR); Five Dimensions of Classification; Diagnostic Categories; Issues in the Classification of Abnormal Behavior; General Criticisms of Classification; The Value of Classification and Diagnosis; Specific Criticisms of Diagnosis; Reliability: The Cornerstone of a Diagnostic System; How Valid Are Diagnostic Categories?; The DSM and Criticisms of Diagnosis; Summary; 4. Clinical Assessment Procedures; Reliability and Validity in Assessment; Reliability; Validity; Psychological Assessment; Clinical Interviews; Psychological Tests; Behavioral and Cognitive Assessment; Biological Assessment; Brain Imaging: "Seeing" the Brain; Neurochemical Assessment; Neuropsychological Assessment; Psychophysiological Assessment; A Cautionary Note; Cultural Diversity and Clinical Assessment; Cultural Bias in Assessment; Strategies for Avoiding Cultural Bias in Assessment; The Consistency and Variability of Behavior; Summary; 5. Research Methods in the Study of Abnormal Behavior; Science and Scientific Methods; Testability and Replicability; The Role of Theory; The Research Methods of Abnormal Psychology; The Case Study; Epidemiological Research; The Correlational Method; The Experiment; Single-Subject Experimental Research; Mixed Designs; Summary; 6. Anxiety Disorders; Phobias; Specific Phobias; Social Phobias; Etiology of Phobias; Therapies for Phobias; Panic Disorder; Etiology of Panic Disorder; Therapies for Panic Disorder and Agoraphobia; Generalized Anxiety Disorder; Etiology of Generalized Anxiety Disorder; Therapies for Generalized Anxiety Disorder; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder; Etiology of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder; Therapies for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder; Posttraumatic Stress Disorder; Etiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder; Therapies for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder; Summary; 7. Somatoform and Dissociative Disorders; Somatoform Disorders; Pain Disorder, Body Dysmorphic Disorder, and Hypochondriasis; Conversion Disorder; Somatization Disorder; Etiology of Somatoform Disorders; Therapies for Somatoform Disorders; Dissociative Disorders; Dissociative Amnesia; Dissociative Fugue; Depersonalization Disorder; Dissociative Identity Disorder; Etiology of Dissociative Disorders; Therapies for Dissociative Disorders; Summary; 8. Psychophysiological Disorders and Health Psychology; Stress and Health; Defining the Concept of Stress; Coping and Stress; Efforts to Measure Stress; Assessing Coping; Social Support as a Moderator of the Stress-Illness Link; Theories of the Stress-Illness Link; Biological Theories; Psychological Theories; Cardiovascular Disorders; Essential Hypertension; Coronary Heart Disease; Asthma; Characteristics of Asthma; Etiology of Asthma; AIDS: A Challenge for the Behavioral Sciences; Scope of the Problem; Description of the Disease; Spread of the Disease; Prevention of the Disease; A Cautionary Note on the Role of Knowledge about AIDS in AIDS Prevention; Gender and Health; Socioeconomic Status, Ethnicity, and Health; Therapies for Psychophysiological Disorders; Treating Hypertension and Reducing CHD Risk; Biofeedback; Reducing Anger and Hostility, Depression, and Social Isolation; Stress Management; The Management of Pain; Summary; 9. Eating Disorders; Clinical Description; Anorexia Nervosa; Bulimia Nervosa; Binge Eating Disorder; Etiology of Eating Disorders; Biological Factors; Sociocultural Influences; Psychodynamic Views; Personality and Eating Disorders; Characteristics of Families; Child Abuse and Eating Disorders; Cognitive-Behavioral Views; Treatment of Eating Disorders; Biological Treatments; Psychological Treatment of Anorexia Nervosa; Psychological Treatment of Bulimia Nervosa; Summary; 10. Mood Disorders; General Characteristics of Mood Disorders; Depression Signs and Symptoms; Mania Signs and Symptoms; Formal Diagnostic Listings of Mood Disorders; Heterogeneity within the Categories; Chronic Mood Disorders; Mood Disorders and Creativity; Mood Disorders and Emotion; Psychological Theories of Mood Disorders; Psychoanalytic Theory of Depression; Cognitive Theories of Depression; Interpersonal Theory of Depression; Psychological Theories of Bipolar Disorder; Biological Theories of Mood Disorders; The Genetic Data; Neurochemistry and Mood Disorders; The Neuroendocrine System; An Integrated Theory of Bipolar Disorder; Therapies for Mood Disorders; Psychological Therapies for Depression; Psychological Therapies for Bipolar Disorder; Final Comment on Psychological Therapies; Biological Therapies of Mood Disorders; Depression in Childhood and Adolescence; Symptoms and Prevalence of Childhood and Adolescent Depression; Etiology of Depression in Childhood and Adolescence; Treatment of Childhood and Adolescent Depression; Suicide; Facts about Suicide; Perspectives on Suicide; Prediction of Suicide from Psychological Tests; Preventing Suicide; Clinical and Ethical Issues in Dealing with Suicide; Concluding Comment; Summary; 11. Schizophrenia; Clinical Symptoms of Schizophrenia; Positive Symptoms; Negative Symptoms; Disorganized Symptoms; Other Symptoms; History of the Concept of Schizophrenia; Early Descriptions; The Broadened U.S. Concept; The DSM-IV-TR Diagnosis; Categories of Schizophrenia in DSM-IV-TR; Etiology of Schizophrenia; The Genetic Data; Biochemical Factors; The Brain and Schizophrenia; Psychological Stress and Schizophrenia; Developmental Studies of Schizophrenia; Therapies for Schizophrenia; Biological Treatments; Psychological Treatments; Case Management; General Trends in Treatment; Ongoing Issues in the Care of Patients with Schizophrenia; Summary; 12. Substance-Related Disorders; Alcohol Abuse and Dependence; Prevalence of Alcohol Abuse and Comorbidity with Other Disorders; Course of the Disorder; Costs of Alcohol Abuse and Dependence; Short-Term Effects of Alcohol; Long-Term Effects of Prolonged Alcohol Abuse; Nicotine and Cigarette Smoking; Prevalence and Health Consequences; Consequences of Secondhand Smoke; Marijuana; Prevalence of Marijuana Use; Effects of Marijuana; Sedatives and Stimulants; Sedatives; Stimulants; LSD and Other Hallucinogens; Etiology of Substance Abuse and Dependence; Sociocultural Variables; Psychological Variables; Biological Variables; Therapy for Alcohol Abuse and Dependence; Admitting the Problem; Traditional Hospital Treatment; Biological Treatments; Alcoholics Anonymous; Couples and Family Therapy; Cognitive and Behavioral Treatments; Clinical Considerations in Treating Alcohol Abuse; Treatment for the Use of Illicit Drugs; Biological Treatments; Psychological Treatments; Treatment of Cigarette Smoking; Psychological Treatments; Biological Treatments; Relapse Prevention; Prevention of Substance Abuse; Summary; 13. Personality Disorders; Classifying Personality Disorders: Clusters, Categories, and Problems; Odd/Eccentric Cluster; Paranoid Personality Disorder; Schizoid Personality Disorder; Schizotypal Personality Disorder; Etiology of the Odd/Eccentric Cluster; Dramatic/Erratic Cluster; Borderline Personality Disorder; Histrionic Personality Disorder; Narcissistic Personality Disorder; Antisocial Personality Disorder and Psychopathy; Anxious/Fearful Cluster; Avoidant Personality Disorder; Dependent Personality Disorder; Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder; Etiology of the Anxious/Fearful Cluster; Therapies for Personality Disorders; Therapy for the Borderline Personality; From Disorder to Style: A Comment on Goals; Therapy for Psychopathy; Summary; 14. Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders; Gender Identity Disorder; Characteristics of Gender Identity Disorder; Causes of Gender Identity Disorder; Therapies for Gender Identity Disorder; The Paraphilias; Fetishism; Transvestic Fetishism; Pedophilia and Incest; Voyeurism; Exhibitionism; Frotteurism; Sexual Sadism and Sexual Masochism; Etiology of the Paraphilias; Therapies for the Paraphilias; Rape; The Crime; The Victim, the Attack, and the Aftermath; The Rapist; Therapy for Rapists and Rape Victims; Sexual Dysfunctions; Sexual Dysfunctions and the Human Sexual Response Cycle; Descriptions and Etiology of Sexual Dysfunctions; General Theories of Sexual Dysfunctions; Therapies for Sexual Dysfunctions; Summary; 15. Disorders of Childhood; Classification of Childhood Disorders; Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder; Biological Theories of ADHD; Psychological Theories of ADHD; Treatment of ADHD; Conduct Disorder; Etiological and Risk Factors for Conduct Disorder; Treatment of Conduct Disorder; Learning Disabilities; Learning Disorders; Communication Disorders; Motor Skills Disorders; Etiology of Learning Disabilities; Treatment of Learning Disabilities; Mental Retardation; Traditional Criteria for Mental Retardation; Classification of Mental Retardation; The Approach of the American Association of Mental Retardation; Etiology of Mental Retardation; Prevention and Treatment of Mental Retardation; Autistic Disorder; Characteristics of Autistic Disorder; Etiology of Autistic Disorder; Treatment of Autistic Disorder; Summary; 16. Aging and Psychological Disorders; Issues, Concepts, and Methods in the Study of Older Adults; Diversity in Older Adults; Age, Cohort, and Time-of-Measurement Effects; Diagnosing Psychopathology in Later Life; Range of Problems; Old Age and Brain Disorders; Dementia; Delirium; Old Age and Psychological Disorders; Overall Prevalence of Mental Disorders in Late Life; Depression; Anxiety Disorders; Delusional (Paranoid) Disorders; Schizophrenia; Substance-Related Disorders; Hypochondriasis; Sleep Disorders; Suicide; Sexuality and Aging; Treatment and Care of Older Adults; Nursing Homes; Alternative Living Settings; Community-Based Care; Issues Specific to Therapy with Older Adults; Content of Therapy; Process of Therapy; Summary; 17. Outcomes and Issues in Psychological Intervention; General Issues in Evaluating Psychotherapy Research; The Use of Therapy Manuals in Randomized Clinical Trials; The Role of the Therapist; Some Limitations of Randomized Clinical Trials; Aligning Practice with Research; The Challenge of Managed Care; Stepped Care; Review of Psychoanalytic Therapies; Basic Concepts and Techniques in Classical Psychoanalysis and Its Variations; Evaluation of Classical Psychoanalysis; Evaluation of Brief Psychodynamic and Interpersonal Therapies; Review of Client-Centered Therapy; Basic Concepts and Techniques of Client-Centered Therapy; Evaluation of Client-Centered Therapy; Review of Gestalt Therapy; Basic Concepts and Techniques of Gestalt Therapy; Evaluation of Gestalt Therapy; Review of Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies; Evaluation of Counterconditioning and Exposure Methods; Evaluation of Operant Methods; Evaluation of Cognitive Behavior Therapy; Generalization and Maintenance of Treatment Effects in Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies; Some Basic Issues in Cognitive and Behavioral Therapy; Review of Couples and Family Therapy; Basic Concepts and Techniques in Couples and Family Therapy; Evaluation of Couples and Family Therapy; Review of Community Psychology; Basic Concepts and Techniques of Community Psychology; Evaluation of Community Psychology; Political and Ethical Factors in Community Psychology; Psychotherapy Integration; Psychoanalysis and Behavior Therapy: A Rapprochement?; Eclecticism and Theoretical Integration in Psychotherapy; Arguments against Premature Integration; Cultural and Racial Factors in Psychological Intervention; African Americans and Psychological Intervention; Latinos and Psychological Intervention; Asian Americans, Pacific Islanders, and Psychological Intervention; American Indians, Alaska Natives, and Psychological Intervention; Toward a More Complete Science of Behavior; Summary; 18. Legal and Ethical Issues; Criminal Commitment; The Insanity Defense; Competency to Stand Trial; Insanity, Mental Retardation, and Capital Punishment; Civil Commitment; Preventive Detention and Problems in the Prediction of Dangerousness; Recent Trends toward Greater Protection; Deinstitutionalization, Civil Liberties, and Mental Health; Ethical Dilemmas in Therapy and Research; Ethical Restraints on Research; Informed Consent; Confidentiality and Privileged Communication; Who Is the Client or Patient?; Choice of Goals; Choice of Techniques; The Ethical and Legal Dimensions of Recovered Memories; Concluding Comment; Summary; Glossary; References; Quotation & Illustration Credits; Photo Credits; Name Index; Subject Index.
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